Portfolio Analysis On Vanguard, Reynolds And Hasbro

Xiaoling Tang 1654 Aspen Ct. Apt 237 Kent, OH 44240 July 27, 2015 Ms. Sharpe 3737 Cascades Blvd #206 Kent, OH 44240 Dear Ms. Sharpe: RE: PORTFOLIO ANALYSIS ON VANGUARD, REYNOLDS AND HASBRO Investment decision is an intricate process that requires careful analysis of individual investment options available for continued profitability. Different financial analyses provide different perspectives. While ratio analysis of an individual company offers the financial health of that company, its comparison with other key investment opportunities may be limited when comparing across different industries. This analysis seeks to utilize a number of statistical and financial results emerging from the analysis of 5 years of data. The results will be analyzed and discussed per individual subheading used in the analysis to provide a broader picture. The mean of Vanguard is 0.57433 as compared to RJR and Hasbro whose means are significantly high at 1.87483333 and 1.18383. However, the standard deviations of the three variables indicate that Vanguard has the lowest standard deviation at 3.60171 as compared to 9.36645828 and 8.11583 for RJR and Hasbro respectively. The lowest standard deviation as in the case of Vanguard indicates that the data is more reliable and provides a more realistic data set than the other data sets. Thus, Vanguard provides the best investment opportunity. The median of the data may not provide a very accurate description of the variables although Vanguard’sShow MoreRelatedAlex Sharpe Client Letter Essay930 Words   |  4 Pagesto your current equity portfolio in the Vanguard 500 Index Fund. And you are interested in the Hasbro and Reynolds. So I have done some analysis on the possible combination of these stocks. First, I did a summary statistics of the three assets base on the latest five years’ worth of monthly returns for Vanguard Samp;P 500 Index Fund, R.J. Reynolds and Hasbro. Among those return data, the Vanguard has a maximum return of 34.46% and a minimum return of -10.14. The Reynolds has a maximum return ofRead MoreAlex Sharpes Portfolio Solution Essay1231 Words   |  5 PagesContext: Alex Sharpe currently invests her children’s educational savings in Vanguard 500 Index Fund, which tracks the performance of Samp;P 500 and is passively managed. However, she is now considering switching her investment strategy to a more active one to achieve better outcomes. Hasbro, a toy manufacturer, and Reynolds, a tobacco firm, have come into Sharpe’s sight and she wants to choose one of them and invest a small proportion of equity funds in it. In order to select a more appropriate

The Effects Of Intimate Partner Violence On The Workplace...

Every year, nearly 10 million men and women are abused by an intimate partner in the United States. Intimate partner violence or IPV is defined as any behavior within an intimate relationship that causes physical, psychological, or sexual harm to those in the relationship (Burgess, Regerhr, Roberts, 2013). Acts of physical aggression include slapping, punching, kicking, beating, and biting. Twenty individuals are victims of physical violence every minute in the United States. Psychological maltreatment is the hardest form of abuse to detect, however it can cause long-term detrimental consequences such as PTSD, depression, and anxiety. Displays of psychological maltreatment include, but are not limited to verbal attacks, isolating the victim, verbal threats of harm, humiliation, controlling the victim, and stalking. Sexual harm is characterized as any forced sexual intercourse. Research suggests that 1 in every 5 women will be raped in her lifetime (Burgess, Regerhr, Roberts, 2013) . In recent years the issue of Intimate Partner Violence has gained much attention from researchers and psychologists everywhere. Many attribute this type of violence to the need for individuals to have power and to be in control of those around them. Intimate partner violence is often portrayed in movies and in TV shows. Many movies are exaggerated for entertainment purposes, however Enough directed by Michael Apted and staring Jennifer Lopez is a heart wrenching classic that truly emulatesShow MoreRelatedGender Inequality And Gender Equality1673 Words   |  7 Pagesperceptions of individuals based on their gender. It results from differences in socially constructed gender roles. Inequality is an issue that has a negative effect on both the individual and society. This essay will outline some of the issues that women face in different societies devoted and devolving like inequality in education, work and violence and it will also highlight some of women rights that able the women to have more power (world Economic Forum, 2014). The last global gender gap reportRead MoreThe Effects Of Violence On Women s Violence1735 Words   |  7 Pages Effects of Violence against Women According to Violence Type by Ines Alvarez Mrs. Madrell English 4, Honors, Period 6 Miami Coral Park Senior High School March 18,2016 Mrs. Madrell English 4, Honors, Period 6 Miami Coral Park Senior High School March 18,2016 Violence against Women Women have been and continue to be victims of violence in all of its faces. The purpose of this research is to explore the many ways in which women are abused and mistreated, focusing on theRead MoreViolence Against Women s Violence1553 Words   |  7 Pages Violence Against Women by Ines Alvarez Mrs. Madrell English 4, Honors, Period 6 Miami Coral Park Senior High School March 18,2016 Mrs. Madrell English 4, Honors, Period 6 Miami Coral Park Senior High School March 18,2016 Violence Against Women Women have been and continue to be victims of violence in all of its faces. The purpose of this research is to explore the many ways in which women are abused and mistreated, focusing on the effects that violence causes to the victimsRead MoreThe Effects Of Domestic Violence On Children1207 Words   |  5 PagesShadows of Violence Domestic violence and abuse can happen to anyone, regardless of their race, gender, age, ethnicity, education, income, or other factors. In the homes where violence and abuse are present, every member of the family is affected. Almost every healthy intimate relationship experiences ups and downs, but when the behavior of one person consistently tears down the other person -whether physically, mentally, emotionally, or economically- it is considered abuse. The abuse usually isRead MoreDomestic Violence : The Problem And Its Setting854 Words   |  4 PagesSetting a) Statement of the problem Domestic violence is a violent or aggressive behavior within the home, typically involving the violent abuse of a spouse or partner. Domestic violence is a serious epidemic that is taking place every second, every minute and every hour of the day. People assume domestic violence only effects women and children but it also effects men and the community as whole. This paper will not only inform the reader about domestic violence but also how to recognize the signs of abuseRead MoreViolence Against Women s Rights1353 Words   |  6 Pages Violence against Women According to the United Nations Violence against Women is any act of gender-based violence that ,results in, or likely to result in,physical,sexual or mental harm or suffering to women, including treats of such acts, coercion or arbitrary deprivation of liberty, whether occurring in private or public life. It is also an extreme violation against a women s right which has become an epidemic in our society. For several reasons, Violence against Women continues to soars drasticallyRead MoreThe Cost Of Domestic Violence1662 Words   |  7 PagesCenteria Cooley Sociology 101 Professor Nelms 20 November 2015 The Cost of Domestic Violence in America â€Å"Just because the scare have healed, doesn’t mean the pain has.† –healthyplace.com Domestic violence is a pattern of behavior used to exhibit control over another person through fear and intimidation by threat, force, or use of violence in intimate relationships. This issue has been an overlooked problem in American society for ages however as it becomes mainstream time and time again and theRead MoreViolence, Religion, Or Past Experiences1158 Words   |  5 PagesCulture violence intersect in many different situations both through direct and indirect contact. The two can be observed in multiple settings but I am going to focus on the violence that occurs within Intimate Relationships, particularly between a man and woman, and how women assume the role of the ‘submissive’ partner. I will talk about how different cultural feelings, religions and exposure to intimate partner violence can be an example of culture and violence intersecting by observing the threateningRead MoreDomestic Violence As It Impact The Workplace Essay2244 Words   |  9 PagesAB STRACT The main thrust of this report is to determine domestic violence as it impact the workplace. For the purpose of this report, the researcher ascertains the signs and symptoms of victims and present recommendation on how to tackle domestic violence. INTRODUCTION Understanding the plight of your staff’s private lives is the key to increasing productivity in the organization. The serious nature of domestic violence in the workplace warrants the attention of the employer, managers, supervisorsRead MoreThe Day It Happened by Rosario Morales1302 Words   |  6 Pages â€Å"Domestic violence, or intimate partner violence, is defined as a pattern of assaultive and coercive behaviors, including physical, sexual, and psychological attacks as well as economic coercion that adults or adolescents use against their intimate partners† (Peeks-Asa). When it comes to domestic violence many people don’t want to get involved, but if just one person took a stand maybe others would follow and potentially save a life, like the neighbors did in The Day It Happened by Rosario Morales

Objectives of Air Traffic Services. (ATS) Example For Students

Objectives of Air Traffic Services. (ATS) Aims of Air Traffic Services. ( ATS ) First of all I would wish to advert about Air Traffic Services. Air Traffic Control Service ATC. Aerodrome Control Service Approach Control Service Area Control Service Flight Information Service Alerting Service Flight Advisory Service These are the chief ATS services. Then I would wish to explicate approximately chief aims of ATS. a ) Prevent hits between aircraft ; B ) Prevent hits between aircraft on the maneuvering country and obstructors on that country ; degree Celsius ) Expedite and keep an orderly flow of air traffic ; vitamin D ) Provide advice and information useful for the safe and efficient behavior of flights ; vitamin E ) Notify appropriate organisations sing aircraft in demand of hunt and deliverance assistance, and help such organisations as required.( ICAO 2013 ) Prevent hits between aircrafts. There are two boundaries in the universe which is utilizing in the Aviation. Western Bound Eastern Bound Aircrafts which are winging in the Eastern edge, pilots should hold to utilize Odd flight height degrees. When they are winging to Western edge, Pilots should hold to obey Evens flight heights. This regulation makes certainly the safe of aircrafts. Not merely that, If the pilots need to fall or mount their aircraft. First of all pilots should hold to inquire it, from ATC. After ATC unite check the radio detection and ranging and flight height, aircraft’s velocity, if there are no any aircraft in that mob and they will give the pervasion. If there are more aircrafts in that peculiar country they are inquiring velocities and estimation clip for peculiar point, so after ATC unite decide the clip for pilots to mount or fall. EX. after 15 min. UL302 can mount up to xxx fleet degree. If there are more aircrafts in same path or height, ATC look into the velocities and alter their Flight heights. If there is a busy path, ATC unite alteration aircrafts velocities and way. After they help to do certain aircrafts finish path. Pilots should hold to obey ATC instructions while they are winging. Not merely that they have to do transition between Pilots and ATC unite. Because ATC unite ever alert about aircrafts speed height and their paths. Therefore their instructions will be aid to forestall alliance between aircrafts while they are winging. Prevent hits between aircraft on the maneuvering country and obstructors on that country. Maneuvering is pilots winging into Aspen’s Pitkin County Airport ( ASE ) should be cognizant of FAA Notice NOTC4835, which addresses two safety issues at the field. The notice efforts to extenuate on-going safety incidents at the Colorado airdrome affecting aircraft, vehicles and walkers on tracks and non-movement country. Outside the skiing season, the movement/non-movement country boundary line was repositioned closer to Taxiway.( AIN 2013 ) When the aircraft parked at Apron, pilots should hold to inquire from Air Traffic Control Unite â€Å"flight figure and can we force back and get down the engines.† If there are no any aircraft has pushed back and get down their engines at the apron, ATC unite gave the permission to force back and get down the engines. If there are any aircraft bushed back and stare ATC will detain the permission. Because ATC avoid the hit between aircraft inside the Apron, Before the return off pilots should hold to acquire the permission from ATC unite. They give the flow of orders, ATC look into the taxing ways and track and unclutter the taxing ways and track. Later than they give the taxing figure for pilots to come in the track. Behind ATC give the permission to take off and they maintain aircraft’s height. ATC unite has to vouch safe of aircraft, that’s the ground for clear the taxing ways and track. It stops hit between aircrafts and vehicles. Pilots should hold to follow the orders of direction before the landing. ATC will unclutter the track for set downing. They absorb aircrafts and vehicles in the track. ATC will supply wind waies, and glide way. If there any takeoff or landing on the track, ATC late their permission and pull off both aircrafts paths. Under the hapless visibleness state of affairss they delayed aircrafts takeoff and landing. After they manage and help to make their finishs. ATC cheque every nock and comer inside the airdrome and prevent hit between aircrafts and obstructors on that country. degree Celsiuss.Expedite and keep an orderly flow of air traffic. When the busy paths, ATC manage aircraft’s Speed, Altitudes waies. These alterations help to forestall from hit between aircrafts and command the traffic among aircrafts. Before the return off, ATC cheque and manage aircraft going times. ATC will pull off all aircrafts to takeoff on clip. When if it is a busy periods or busy airdromes, measure by measure, ATC will unclutter the track, taxing ways and apron. They will pull off airport aerospace’s traffic. Because it will be a ground for air hit. vitamin D.Provide advice and information useful for the safe and efficient behavior of flights. Aircraft’s Altimeter indicates aircraft’s current height with utilizing air force per unit area. Topographic point to put Air force per unit area and Density can alter. Because of this ground pilots have to come in average see flat force per unit area to the altimeter. Before the landing pilots have to come through right glide way, hence pilots have to cognize right height of aircraft. ATC unit provide land force per unit area mean sea degree force per unit area and denseness of these countries before the landing. Aircrafts use some states aero infinites, Flight Information Regents FIR of those counties provide force per unit area denseness and temperature to keep aircraft’s height. The Millenium Bug EssayLights and Signals from Aerodrome. Color and type of signal Aircraft on the land Aircraft in flight Motion of vehicles,equipment and forces Steady viridity Cleared for takeoff Cleared to set down Cleared to traverse ; continue ; travel Flashing green Cleared to taxi Tax return for set downing ( to be followed by steady viridity at the proper clip ) Not applicable Steady red Stop Give manner to other aircraft and go on circling Stop Flashing ruddy Taxi clear of set downing country or track in usage Airport unsafe- Do non set down Clear the taxiway/runway Flashing white Tax return to get downing point on airdrome Not applicable Tax return to get downing point on airdrome Alternating ruddy and green General Warning Signal- Exercise Extreme Caution General Warning Signal- Exercise Extreme Caution General Warning Signal- Exercise Extreme Caution Fig.02 (Federal aviation agency 2014) Steering Area Marking Signals. Runway A ; Taxiway Signs ILS Critical Area Holding Position Sign Fig.03 Runway Approach Holding Area Position Sign Fig.04 Taxiway Location Sign Fig.05 Runway Holding Position Sign Fig.06 Destination Signs A ; Location Sign Fig.07 Outbound Destination Sign Fig.08 Inbound Destination Sign Fig.09 Runway Boundary Sign Fig.10 Taxiway Ending Marker Fig.11 Closed Runway and Taxiway Marking Fig.12 Direction Sign for Runway Exit Fig.13 ILS Critical Area Boundary Sign Fig.14 Keeping Position and Location Signs Fig.15 Runway Location Sign Fig.16 Ocular Approaching Navigational Aids. Any manmade objects with easy to happen the manner and attack for pilots.VASIS Lights. Ocular Approach Slope Indication System White/White Too Height Red/White on Glide Path Runway Runway Red/Red Too Low RunwayFig.17 PAPI Lights Precision Approach Path Indicator Fig.18Runway 4 White persons Excessively High 3 White persons / 1 Red Slightly High 2 White persons / 2 Red On Glide Path 1 White persons / 3 Red Too Low Relationship among Runway, Taxing and Control Tower. Runway A defined country on a land airport prepared for landing and taking off of aircraft called as a track. Taxing manner A general thought is path on a Land airport established for taxiing of aircraft and to supply a nexus between apron and track. Control Tower It is the unite where control aircrafts vehicles and steering country. Air Traffic Controlling Tower is situated in enchantress is the topographic point where can acquire the to the full and cleared position point. It is the highest edifice in that country. ATC members can acquire the to the full 360 degree position of an airdrome. Runway, Taxiing Ways and Apron have linked with Air Traffic Control Tower. Because it is the most responsible topographic point. ATC tower Control Approaching visible radiations Runway visible radiations, Taxing visible radiations, Runway border visible radiations, Runway center line, Runway threshold Runway terminal. There is a flow of orders, before the landing or take off. Then tower is the topographic point where the guided aircrafts. They ever check the airdrome country and do certain the safe of aircrafts, vehicles, and peoples. When the aircraft pushed back and get down their engines and until their take off, ATC provide instructions utilizing taxing and track signals for safety efficient. If the aircrafts ready to take off, foremost ATC has to unclutter taxing and track from other aircrafts and vehicles. Using lights systems and signals they will take all the vehicles and aircrafts for safety. Because tower has a rich and clear visibleness. If it is an exigency ATC tower will do determinations and Inform those thing for other parties. Therefore they can declare it easy Always they will do certain the safe of an Airport. Role of tower accountant. BEFORE Conveying Listen-out carefully to guarantee no intervention from another station Be familiar with Good Microphone runing techniques Use a normal conversation tone, A ; speak Clearly A ; Distinctly Maintain an even rate of address i‚? 100 words per minute, talk even slower when receiver writes-down Keep a changeless Speaking Volume degree A little intermission before A ; after Numberss aids to do it easier to understand g ) Avoid utilizing vacillation sounds such as â€Å"er† H ) A changeless distance from ‘mic’ recommended if a modulator with a changeless degree is non used I ) Suspend address temporarily if turning your caput off from ‘mic’ J ) Depress PTT to the full before talking A ; do non let go of it until message is complete to guarantee transmittal of full message K ) Long messages be interrupted momently to allow the transmission operator to corroborate the Frequency in usage is Clear, A ; if necessary to allow the receiver to bespeak repeat of any parts non received.(Exforxys 2012) Advices for Air Traffic Controllers. Keep the mike about one inch from the oral cavity. Speak straight into the mike. Speak clearly, be after what you intend to state. Don’t cartridge holder transmittal. Listen out before the transmit. Don’t expect an immediate reply. ( wait 10-15 seconds before seeking once more ) Establish communications. ( utilizing the wording ) Wait for a answer. Mentions Diaries ICAO, 2013, About Annex 11, Air Traffic Services first edition, ICAO, Montreal 01 ICAO, 2013, Annex 10, , 5.2.2.7.1.1, Communication failure procedures 04 ICAO, 2013, Annex 10, , 5.2.2.7.1.1, Communication failure procedures 05 Web sites Figure Page Fig.01 It my ain creationpage03 Fig.02 It my ain creationpage06 Fig.03 to Fig.16 from hypertext transfer protocol: //www.studentflyingclub.com/airport-signs-markings.php page07-08 Fig.017 It my ain creationpage09 Fig.018 It my ain creationpage09 Page | 1

Theory Analysis on Haydns Piano Sonata in Bb Major free essay sample

Haydn Piano Sonata in Bb Major Haydns Piano Sonata in Bb major has three clearly defined sections: the exposition, the development, and the recapitulation. In the exposition, the thematic statement from measure 1 through 10 is more or less the introduction followed by a theme in parallel period from measures 11 to beat two of 22. Up to this point we are in the key of Bb major, ending on a half cadence. Though it stays in this key, E is tonicized with a five of four in measures 11 and 16. Next is what I consider a bridge section in F major, connecting the themes in Bb to the themes in F. The reason I see it as a bridge phrase is for three reasons: ascending patterns, the augmented sixth chords to five, and the E natural in the last chord sounds like a leading tone. Between measures 23 and 26, the downbeats are ascending by step, then in measure 27, there is an augmented sixth chord. We will write a custom essay sample on Theory Analysis on Haydns Piano Sonata in Bb Major or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Then measure 28 is a five chord, measure 29 another augmented sixth chord, and lastly in measure 30 another five chord. This right here is a clear example of an extension by repetition. It seems like Haydn really put emphasis on that augmented sixth to five to give it the feeling of needing to continue on; that it is not a phrase that can stand on its own. Finally, on that last five chord, there is an E natural in the soprano voice, and with the subtle pause in the recording, it sounds and feels like a leading tone to F, which is the key of the next theme starting in measure 31. The second half of the exposition has a contrasting period followed by the closing statement. The first period is from measure 31 to the down beat of measure 48. There are quite a few secondary dominants including a five of four in 32 and 34 (yet another example of extension by repetition), and a five of five in 36 and 37. This can also be viewed as an ascension in the theme, but then it ends in measure 43 with the thematic statement from the introduction. However, there is a cadential extension from 44 to the downbeat of 48. The reason I see it as an extension is because it only consists of 5 measures, and to me it seems like it is too much out of balance in length to stand on its own as a theme. The second period has a theme similar to the first period, in that it sounds like it needs to keep going on. I see where it can sound like its pulling to a close, especially in the bass line, but to me, I hear the exposition coming to a close in measure 56 because of the pedal tone F in the bass line, followed by the thematic statement from the introduction again. It stays in F to the end of the exposition. The middle section is the development section. A lot of the same themes from the exposition are built upon by the use of several key areas, six to be exact: F, G, A, Bb, C, and D. It begins in measure 62 and ends in 101. From 62 to 71, it begins with the same thematic statement from the introduction, except it is in F major. However, in measure 72, there is a five of four leading to four, or the key of Bb. It stays in Bb up to measure 75, because in measure 76 is a five of six leading to six, where the cadence ends in D minor. Still however, measures 77 and 78 seem to tonicize the key of A minor. I believe that it did go to A because measure 76 seems to hint that it is going to D, but then deceives us by going to A very briefly before going two-six, five-four-two, one-six in C major from measures 79 to 81. The piece continues on in C major until it gets to 92, where it switches to two, five, one-six from measures 92 through 95. That is when it gets to the ending statement of the development section from measures 96 to the down beat of 101. It is still in C, but it has the same sequential movement from measure 17 in the exposition, which is an ascending line. As far as ascending and descending lines go, a lot of them are the same from the exposition, but they are just in different keys, such as 73 through 76, and 79 through the down beat of 84. The first is ascending in the key of F major as opposed to the key of Bb major in the introduction, and the second is descending in the key of C major as opposed to measures 31 through 35 in F major. This leads us to the third and final section of the sonata: the recapitulation. It begins in measure 102 and goes to the end of the piece in measure 148. The entire recapitulation is in the key of Bb major, but includes several thematic statements from both the exposition and the development. It begins with the same exact introduction from the exposition; same theme, same key (Bb). Then, it gets thrown off at 108, when it doesn’t quite follow the introduction. Basically, measures 7 through 10 are deleted from the re-statement, and instead takes us to the equivalency of the bridge section, but in Bb instead of F. That part is very crucial I feel, because when it was in F, its purpose was to sound like it needed to go on, whereas in Bb, it sounds like we’re coming to a close by returning to the original key. So in conclusion, from 110 to the end, it is exactly the same as the second part of the exposition, except instead of being in F, it is in Bb. If I may say so, this was a very catchy little tune throughout and it was sort of fun to actually figure out and understand a lot of musical concepts and forms I’ve learned in my three semesters studying music.

Sour Grape Ice Cream Essays

Sour Grape Ice Cream Essays Sour Grape Ice Cream Essay Sour Grape Ice Cream Essay Sour Grape Ice Cream 1 WRITTEN ASSIGNMENT: SOUR GRAPE ICE CREAM Ice cream is just ice, fat and air; the way these three main ingredients interact determines the ice cream quality. Color, texture and taste are the main quality factors for ice cream. To optimize these it is particularly important to control process parameters including the temperature and time of heating and cooling the mixture. Over-heating and slow cooling causes changes to the flavor and color of the milk, whereas under-heating may lead to survival of undesirable micro-organisms, risking food poisoning from the product. The rate at which ice cream freezes can greatly affect final product texture by determining the size of the ice crystals in the product. It is desirable to have much smaller ice crystals and lower sized fat globules and air cells in its structure. To achieve this rapid heat transfer rates are needed. The major storage requirement for the ice cream is to minimize the number of times and the duration the ice cream is melted and frozen again that causes the development of grittiness in the product. Frozen dessert manufacturers face the challenge of delivering everybodys favorite frozen treats with consistent taste, texture and quality. The additives, which act as emulsifiers and stabilizers, are used to prevent heat shock and the formation of ice crystals during the production process. The most common additives are guar gum, extracted from the guar bush, and carrageenan, derived from sea kelp or Irish moss. Ice cream flavors have come a long way from the standard vanilla, strawberry, and chocolate. In an ever-expanding array of combinations, fruit purees and extracts, cocoa powder, nuts, cookie pieces, and cookie dough are blended into the ice cream mixture. Air is added to ice cream to improve its ability to absorb flavorings and to facilitate serving. Without air, ice cream becomes heavy and soggy. On the other hand, too much air results in ice cream that is snowy and dry. The federal government allows ice cream to contain as much as 100% of its volume in air, known in the industry as overrun. Makers of high-quality ice cream such as sour grape use fresh whole dairy products, about 20% of air, between 16-20% butterfat, and as few additives as possible. The ice cream making process is a very detailed process which requires a great deal of attention to detail. Blending the mixture The milk arrives at the ice cream plant in refrigerated tanker trucks from local dairy farms. The milk is then pumped into 5,000 gal storage silos that are kept at 36Â °F. Pipes bring the milk in pre-measured amounts to 1,000 gal stainless steel blenders. Premeasured amounts of eggs, sugar, and additives are blended with the milk for six to eight minutes. Pasteurizing to kill bacteria The blended mixture is piped to the pasteurization machine, which is composed of a series of thin stainless steel plates. Hot water, approximately 182Â °F, flows on one side of the plates. The cold milk mixture is piped through on the other side. The water warms the mixture to a temperature of 180Â °F, effectively killing any existing bacteria. Homogenizing to produce a uniform texture By the application of intensive air pressure, sometimes as much as 2,000 pounds per square inch, the hot mixture is forced through a small opening into the homogenizer. This breaks down the fat particles and prevents them from separating from the rest of the mixture. In the homogenizer, which is essentially a high-pressure piston pump, the mixture is further blended as it is drawn into the pump cylinder on the down stroke and then forced back out on the upstroke. Cooling and resting to blend flavors The mixture is piped back to the pasteurizer where cold water, approximately 34Â °F, flows on one side of the plates as the mixture passes on the opposite side. In this manner, the mixture is cooled to 36Â °F. Then the mixture is pumped to 5,000 gal tanks in a room set at 36Â °F, where it sits for four to eight hours to allow the ingredients to blend. Flavoring the ice cream The ice cream is pumped to stainless steel vats, each holding up to 300 gal of mixture. Sour grape flavoring is then piped into the vats and blended thoroughly. Freezing to soft-serve consistency Now the mixture must be frozen. It is pumped into continuous freezers that can freeze up to 700 gal per hour. The temperature inside the freezers is kept at -40Â °F, using liquid ammonia as a freezing agent. While the ice cream is in the freezer, air is injected into it. When the mixture leaves the freezer, it has the consistency of soft-serve ice cream. Packaging and bundling the finished product Automatic filling machines drop preprinted pint or half-gallon-sized cardboard cartons into holders. The cartons are then filled with premeasured amounts of ice cream at the rate of 70-90 cartons per hour. The machine then places a lid on each cartons and pushes it onto a conveyer belt. The cartons move along the conveyer belt where they pass under a ink jet that spray-paints an expiration date and production code onto each carton. After the imprinting, the cartons move through the bundler, a heat tunnel that covers each cup with plastic shrink wrapping. Hardening Before storage and shipping, the ice cream must be hardened to a temperature of -10Â °F. The conveyer system moves the ice cream cartons to a tunnel set at -30Â °F. Constantly turning ceiling fans create a wind chill of -60Â °F. The cartons move slowly back and forth through the tunnel for two to three hours until the contents are rock solid. The cartons are then stored in refrigerated warehouses until they are shipped to retail outlets. Quality Control Every step of this product should be randomly tested during the production process to ensure a high quality product is being served. Reference: foodsci. uoguelph. ca/dairyedu/icmanu. html

Obedience To God Through Daniel Essays - Bible, Book Of Daniel

Obedience To God Through Daniel Essays - Bible, Book Of Daniel Obedience To God Through Daniel There are a lot of different things the Bible can tell us about obedience and disobedience. Many of which have the same outcome. Others have a very different outcome. In the book of Daniel, there are plenty of ways that the Bible can show you that there are some bad things that come out of obedience and some good things that come out of disobedience. Obedience is part of life. obeying God is a big part. But obeying God doesn't always work out the way we want it, or it can work out better then we want. This is shown many times in Daniel. Two of these different ways obedience can have an effect are shown in Daniel. One in verse 1:8-10. This is where Daniel is denied his obedience to the law even though he wants to be obedient. He is given royal food and wine to eat but asks for something different because it goes against God's law. Even though God makes the official sympathetic, he is still denied something different to eat. He received nothing for being obedient. The next part of this shows that the outcomes can be very different. In verses 12-17, Daniel asks to be tested for ten days and to be given nothing but fruits and vegetables, then to have him and his friends compared to the people given the royal foods to eat. After ten days, Daniel and his friends were in better health then the other people. Because of the way Daniel han dled the situation, God gave Daniel superior knowledge and the ability to understand dreams. Daniel had been put down by obedience and then glorified by obedience shortly after. This same type of situation happens again in the next chapter when the king has a dream that he can't have interpreted. In chapter 2 verses 10-13, the king has all the wise men in his kingdom hunted down and killed, because none of them can explain his dream. This included Daniel and his friends. Once again, by the obedience to God and the king, he is being punished. After finding out what was going on, Daniel had a vision from God. He then was taken to the king and explained to him what his dream was about. The king had thanked him for being so good and obedient by making him ruler over Babylon (vs. 24-48). He was once again glorified for being obedient. Obedience can go to a higher level still as shown through Shadrach, Meshach, and Abednego. The king had them thrown into a fire for not obeying him by worshiping his statue (vs.20), but because they were obedient to God, they were saved from the blazing fire and came out completely unharmed (vs.25). God saves us by our obedience, but he will also punish you for your disobedience. In chapter 4, the king is admiring his kingdom for all its glory, and claims that it was all his doing. As he is saying this, a voice from heaven told him that because he doesn't worship God, he was getting everything taken away from him until he was going to acknowledge that God was almighty (vs.28-32). The king then went and lived like a wild animal. He lived like this for quite some time before he finally admitted that God reigned supreme over everything (vs. 33-34). He was then, after being obedient to God, fully restored to his sanity and royal rank.. One other point shown is when Daniel was thrown in the lion's den. The administrators and satraps that ruled the kingdom with Daniel got so jealous that he was the most distinguished one of them all, that they tried to have him arrested so he could be killed. They couldn't find any grounds to have him arrested on, so instead they convinced the king to have an edict saying if anybody does not worship him for the next 30 days, they would be thrown in the lion's den. Daniel was not going to be disobedient to God so instead, he disobeyed this edict (6:1-11). The king tried to save him since they were friends, but could do nothing. He was unable to repeal his own

Effect of retiring baby boomers to US economy Research Paper

Effect of retiring baby boomers to US economy - Research Paper Example In this regard, it has been projected that the world will have about 1 billion elderly people by the year 2030, which accounts for about 33% of the world population3. As earlier stated, the U.S. is one among the countries facing the challenge of an aging population. This is because its population has been aging very fast though as fast as that of Japan. Research indicates that the U.S. aging population increased to 13.1% in 2010 up from 8.3% in 19504. The growth is projected to reach around 19.9% by 2030 and 21.2% by the year 2050. However, the research also found out that as the aging population continues to increase, the population consisting of children and the working class will decline in a few decades to come. Projections suggest that the U.S. aging population will increase by double digits in the next forty years. In this regard, the elderly age group above 65 years will increase to about 88.5 by the year 2050 up from 40.2 million in 2010. The United States is currently worrie d with the rate at which the aging population is increasing. This is because it implies that it will soon retire many baby boomers that have been very important to the U.S. economy5. In this regard, many U.S. citizens including economic analysts in the country claim that retiring baby boomers might adversely affect the U.S. economy being that it is currently struggling to recover from recession. However, not everyone is of opinion as some are skeptical arguing that retiring baby boomers may not affect the economy in a negative way. Baby boomers are basically those born between 1946 to about 1960s6. Mathematically, people born during this time are approaching their retirement age as per U.S. labor laws where the retirement age stands at 65 years of age. Mckinsey Global Institute reveals that the latest census report on America’s population found out that there are about 78 million baby boomers in the U.S. born somewhere between 1946 and 19647. This implies that a very huge num ber of baby boomers are likely to be retired in the near future, something that will most likely affect the economy in one way or the other. The objective of this paper is to examine the impacts that retiring baby boomers may have on the U.S. economy. To begin with, retiring baby boomers will impacts on the U.S. economy in different ways both positively and negatively. Currently baby boomers form the majority of workforce in the U.S. In fact, the baby boomers have contributed greatly to the growth of the United States something that cannot be denied8. This is evident from the kind of development that the America has experienced since 1946 to date. Research indicates that the American baby boomers numbering about 79 million according to a census report have earned huge amount of incomes, created wealth, which in turn spurred economic growth9. Therefore, retiring this population will most likely leave a big vacuum in the workforce, as there will be a reduction in the skilled workforce to help restore the economy of the U.S. to where it was before the financial crisis of 2007/2008. However, since the U.S. economy is still struggling to recover from the recent financial meltdown, retiring baby boomers may worsen the situation according to some economic pundits. This is because there will be little expertise to help in revamping the economy

Groupware Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Groupware - Essay Example Let us now discuss whether implementing a groupware turns out to be a problem for my organization or not. The name of the organization, where I work, is United States Air force. I work in the satellite communications department where my job is to supervise wireless radio and satellite systems and equipment maintenance activities. Some of my other core responsibilities include ensuring compliance with maintenance management publications and procedures, inspecting wireless radio/satellite communications activities, employing orbiting communication satellite, line-of-sight, and tropospheric scatter techniques, Installing ground radio, satellite, and telemetry communications equipment, and locating radio frequency interference sources.   The organization has recently implemented a groupware to help all departments fulfill their responsibilities in a collaborative manner. â€Å"If designed and implemented properly, groupware systems are very useful when it comes to supporting knowledge management† (Frost, 2010). The type of groupware, which has been implemented for use by the company, is management information system. Let us discuss this groupware and its advantages and disadvantages for the company. Information is the key to success of any organization. Management information system means management of the information, which is required to administer different business activities. MIS keeps proper record of all information that is needed to run the business activities effectively. The main task of a management information system is to ensure delivery of correct information to the intended receivers of the information. In our company, MIS helps us document the collected information, store the information in appropriate locations, keep track of the information, and provide required information to the concerned departments. Completeness and relevance are also two of the key aspects of a management information system. The users are provided with complete and the

Israel and Palestine Issues Essay Example for Free

Israel and Palestine Issues Essay The issues between Palestine and Israel originate in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. The list could drag on and on about what exactly they are fighting about but most of their issues are somehow related to land and property. To this day they can’t come to an agreement on who owns Jerusalem. That has been a touchy subject for ages. Israel is also worried about their settlements they have created since the Six Day War and what will happen to them if and when a peace treaty is defined. One cause of Palestine’s’ fury has to do with the refugees which occurred from the Israeli War of Independence in 1948. In brief, these two countries’ conflict is long ago rooted and still there hasn’t been a resolution for the troubles they are having. First off Israel and Palestine have been unable to decide who gets to claim Jerusalem as their own. Both countries title Jerusalem as their Holy place of worship. Israeli’s are for the most part Jewish and Palestinian’s are Muslim; Jewish book of holies is the Tenach and Muslim book of holies is the Koran. In the Tenach Jerusalem is mentioned over 700 times whereas in the Koran it wasn’t mentioned once. We can trace back Jerusalem as being the capital of Israel 2,000 years before Islam/Palestine was created. There is no record of Palestine ever having control or right, if you will, over Jerusalem. Israeli’s and Palestinians are concerned about their religious holy places under the governing of the other country. On occasion, Palestine has not allowed Jews to visit the Western Wall, and Jewish cemeteries have been abused or violated. Israel on the other hand, has seldom blocked sacred sights of another religion. Jerusalem has been a long disputed piece of land between these two groups of people and it probably won’t get any better. Next in order, during the Six Day War Jewish communities were captured by Israel from Jordan. Since then Israel has set up more than 130 settlements. The majority of Jews live in 8 of the largest settlements, which Israel would like to free and make theirs in a peace treaty agreement with the Palestinians. Most of the large ones border Israel and the West Bank, excluding a few which dwell deep inside Palestinian territory. Building and remodeling of the settlements has been an ongoing project since 1967. In 1997 they had formed 31 settlements with 4,400 people; in 1992 they had a total of 120 settlements with a total of 100,000 people; and in 2009 the opulation had grown to more than 306,000 people. This arguing about the settlements is one cause to the stalling of the peace process between these two countries. The Palestinians are being inconvenienced because the settlements redirect the resources needed by their towns. They also stunt the traveling of Palestinians because the security challenges them if they pass through the local roadways. Third of all, Palestinian Refugees haven’t been allowed to return to their families and homeland after the 1948 Israeli War of Independence. The estimated number of Israeli’s who either fled or were thrown out of their country tolled about 711,000 in 1949. In 2010 a survey was taken and they found out that there were more than 4. 7 million descendants of the original refugees. One third of them live in camps in Jordan, Lebanon, Syria, the West Bank, and the Gaza Strip, the rest live in towns and cities near the refugee camps. Palestine is urging the right of the refugees to return to the places they lived before the war but new Israeli law only allows Jews to gain citizenship. Therefore Palestinians cannot apply because obviously they are Muslim. Israeli’s ponder the possibility of letting the refugees return in the form of a family reunion and allowing a vague number of further refugees to settle as well. This resolution involves the U. S. to help aid the refugees with money and services until they are able to provide for themselves and get back on their feet in the new setting. Israel and Palestine still haven’t resolved this issue because they are more concerned with bigger issues. In summary, Palestine and Israel have many unresolved issues that may or may not ever be dealt with. Both countries have their own beliefs and practices which more than likely won’t be able to coincide and cooperate long enough to make agreements and choices that benefit both sides and make everyone happy. Clearly if they don’t start making compromises and giving up a little to get what they want no one that lives there will ever be happy because the problems will just be sitting there getting bigger and bigger, eventually turning into another war.

Packaging for the new product Essay -- Design and Technology

Packaging for the new product Packaging is vital, as goods need to be transported to the consumer in a safe, hygienic and protected condition. For instance putting tin foil round a kitkat, nestle product, keeps the bar fresh and prevents deterioration, instant coffee tends to be sold in jars to prevent spillage and because glass is a strong material, Nescafe Espresso roast is sold with ‘click lock closure’, which makes the jar easy to open. Additional packaging may be needed to assist retailers store the products easily and safety on the shelves. Packaging is essential to inform the customer about the contents, ingredients, weight, care instructions, etc. Some of which are legal requirements. Good packaging is an important part of the product. The basic function of packaging has always been to protect and contain a product. In a competitive market, branding and packaging are important and have become an integral part of the product. We instantly recognise products by the size, shape and colour of packaging. Packaging may be used by the manufactures to promote the goods, as the colour, design or lettering may make the product more attractive and noticeable to certain consumer on the shelf. Packaging is not just a safety attribute, different features are added to packaging to attract different segments, for example a children’s crisp might have colourful cartoons, entries to competitions or even a mini game on back of the packet. These types of product...

Five Marketing Steps in Bowie State Expansion Essay

Marketing is the activity and processes for creating, communicating, delivering, and exchanging offerings that have value for customers, clients, partners, and society at large. Marketing as it applies to Bowie State University plays an integral part in the longstanding tradition and the growth of the university. In order to fully understand marketing you have to be aware that the ability to adapt and change is a major part of grasping and successfully competing in this global marketing society. Accountability in marketing is more important than ever today due to the tight economic restraints and an ever evolving society. Bowie State University realizes that they cannot spend large amounts of money on unproductive marketing campaigns, but in order to be successful an effective marketing plan must be in place. Bowie State University goal should be to create a strategic marketing plan that will have a measurable impact on obtaining and maintaining student enrollment at a minimal cost. There are critical marketing concepts such as relationship marketing, integrated marketing, internal marketing, interactive marketing and market adaptation that all play an important role, not only in society, but also in the development and success of Bowie State University and any other entity or corporation. Relationship marketing is a type of marketing that puts an emphasis on consumer satisfaction and retention. It focuses on the longstanding relationship with the consumer rather than the prominent focus on an immediate sales transaction. With the growth of the internet in the past two decades, relationship marketing has continued to evolve and move forward as technology opens more collaborative and social communication channels. Relationship marketing extends to include inbound marketing efforts, public relations, social media and application development. The overall goals of relationship marketing are to discover, attract and win new clients, take care of and retain those the company already has, attract former clients back into the fold, and decrease the costs of marketing and client service. Retention is a major factor in relationship marketing and to the demise of Bowie State University. The implementation of random surveys to current students is an excellent tool used to measure customer/student satisfaction of the university as a whole. In addition to, there must be some interactive relationship building with future students in whom they are attempting to acquire and retain. I have noticed as new student to the campus of Bowie State that the university doesn’t place enough emphasis on customer satisfaction, because I have been enrolled for two semesters and nobody in the student affairs/customer relations has inquired to my satisfaction. I have definitely been pondering the idea of accepting some of the other offers provided for the MBA program. I am huge on excellent customer as I have personally worked in that area for many years and I understand the importance of retention to the success of one’s business. Bowie State desperately needs to re-direct some resources in that area to decrease the retention rate and increase student morale, and also to a ttract new clients to the campus. Relationship marketing is a concept not only intended for current students, but also for potential staff and faculty that the university is attempting to acquire. Integrated marketing happens when the marketer devises marketing activities and assembles market-programs to create, communicate, and deliver value for consumers such that â€Å"the whole is greater than the sum of its part.† All company communications must be integrated, meaning that being able to choose communication options that reinforce and complement the one another. In order for Bowie State to achieve in this area, there must be commercials via television and the radio, printed advertisements, public relations and some kind o events to entice a more loyal customer population. Bowie State University website is very user-friendly, but the website alone is not sufficient to the success of a greater student enrollment and retention. Integrated marketing must be employed to ensure Bowie State University’s success, because they must equally maximize all areas to ensure and reinforce the face of the university. The ability to employ integrated marketing puts Bowie State University at the center of its strategy and executes extremely well across all channels and lines of business. Integrated marketing doesn’t stop at the organizational boundaries of the marketing department. Integrated marketing requires an integrated approach to marketing, sales, and service. Internal marketing is the task of hiring, training, and motivating able employees who want to serve customers well. This concept is just what it says-internal and Bowie State University in my opinion, isn’t utilizing this concept to help grow the business. This process occurs within an organization where the functional process aligns, motivates, and empowers employees at all management levels to deliver a satisfying customer experience. Over recent years internal marketing has increasingly been integrated in brand management, which strives to build stronger links between the employee brand experience and customer brand experience. The challenge for internal marketing is not only to get the right messages across, but to implant them in such a way that they both change and strengthen employee performance. Bowie State University has a major need for internal marketing, because in my brief experience here on campus I’ve noticed how the faculty and staff are unequally balanced and not customer motivated. We as students are the customers to the university and yet I feel we are treated as to be insignificant and are expected to just accept whatever is offered by key administration. It appears if there is some type of buddy system in place when it comes to hiring qualified staff, because in my observation I have noticed that many instructors aren’t prepared for class, nor are they even delivering a quality education. My experience here at Bowie State University has been a bitter-sweet one, because of the inequalities and inconsistencies I have noticed. Interactive Marketing refers to the evolving trend in marketing where marketing has moved from a transaction-based effort to a conversation. Interactive marketing is the ability to address an individual and the ability to gather and remember the response of that individual leading to the ability to address the individual once more in a way that takes into account his or her unique response. The ability to remember what the customer has said and implementing those ideas can and will benefit the brand of Bowie State University. Amazon.com is an excellent example of the use of interactive marketing, as customers record their preferences and are shown selections that match not only their preferences but recent purchases. Interactive Marketing allows customers and prospects to participate in the process of building a brand’s image in a certain market or target group’s minds and as a result it makes the customer feel empowered and heard. With brands becoming more defined by actions and not simply words, social networks, search engines and mobile device growth gives our consumers even more power, so it’s important to love your customers and most of being able to respect their opinions and views on certain things that would better enhance the brand name of Bowie State University. I would really love to sit with the marketing department and observe their thought patterns as it relates to the student body who are the customers of Bowie State University. Performance marketing is a type of marketing in which business rewards one or more affiliates for each customer gained based on their marketing efforts. I feel that this particular program should also be implemented within the marketing/admissions department here at Bowie State University; however, it should also extend to the number of satisfied customers retained as well. Many times the business is acquired, but maintenance and follow-up is critical to the success of any organization or social enterprise. Bowie State needs to have a plan in place that rewards faculty and staff for generating new referrals/students or staff to the campus. At the University of North Carolina-Charlotte, it is and has been a practice that whenever new undergraduate or graduate students come on-board they are uniquely placed with a current students whose responsibility is to aide them in any means necessary until they are solely comfortable with the campus, the administration and all of the resources th at are offered to the student. Bowie State University acquires the students, but really no follow-up to see how comfortable they are. Now, in my opinion this isn’t good customer service nor should any reward be granted based on that kind of behavior. Performance marketing needs to be measured very closely by upper administration, because many times lower ranked staff generally take the attitude as if it’s not their problem. So, if everyone is taking on that same approach then it’s obvious as to why enrollment has significantly dropped. In my conclusion, Bowie State University has many opportunities where it can advance in the marketing arena. Unfortunately, if they continue down this path then all the other major colleges and universities will obtain and retain the vast majority of business that is streaming abroad.

Indian English Literature Essay

History of English language and literature in India starts with the advent of East India Company in India. It all started in the summers of 1608 when Emperor Jahangir, in the courts of Moguls, welcomed Captain William Hawkins, Commander of British Naval Expedition Hector. It was India’s first tryst with an Englishman and English. Jahangir later allowed Britain to open a permanent port and factory on the special request of King James IV that was conveyed by his ambassador Sir Thomas Roe. English were here to stay. As East India Company spread its wing in southern peninsula, English language started to get newer pockets of influence. But it was still time for the first English book to capitalize. Late 17th century saw the coming of printing press in India but the publication were largely confined to either printing Bible or government decrees. Then came newspapers. It was in 1779 that the first English Newspaper named Hickey’s Bengal Gazette was published in India. The breakthrough in Indian English literature came in 1793 A.D. when a person by the name of Sake Dean Mahomet published a book in London titled Travels of Dean Mahomet. This was essentially Mahomet’s travel narrative that can be put somewhere between a Non-Fiction and a Travelogue. In its early stages, the Indian writings in English were heavily influenced by the Western art form of the novel. It was typical for the early Indian English language writers to use English unadulterated by Indian words to convey experiences that were primarily Indian. The core reason behind this step was the fact that most of the readers were either British or British educated Indians. In the coming century, the writings were largely confined to writing history chronicles and government gazettes. In the early 20th century, when the British conquest of India was achieved, a new breed of writers started to emerge on the block. These writers were essentially British who were born or brought up or both in India. Their writing consisted of Indian themes and sentiments but the way of storytelling was primarily western. They had no reservation in using native words, though, to signify the context. This group consisted likes of Rudyard Kipling, Jim Corbett and George Orwell among others. Books such as Kim, The Jungle Book, 1984, Animal Farm and The man-eaters of Kumaon etc were liked and read all over the English-speaking world. In fact, some of the writings of that era are still considered to be the masterpieces of English Literature. In those periods, natives were represented by the likes of Rabindra Nath Tagore and Sarojini Naidu. In fact, Geetanjali helped Tagore win Nobel Prize for Literature in the year 1913. There was a lull for more than 3 decades when India was passing through the era of aspiration and reconstruction. Some sporadic works such as ‘A Passage to India’ by E M Foster, ‘The Wonder that was India’ by E L. Basham and ‘ Autobiography of an unknown Indian’ by Nirad C Chaudhuri though set the stage on fire but were unsuccessful in catalyzing and explosion. It was in late seventies that a new breed of Convent, boarding school educated and elite class of novelists and writers started to come on block. The likes of Salman Rushdie, Vikram Seth, Amitabh Ghosh and Dominique Lepierre set the literature world on fire. Rushdie’ s ‘ Midnight Children’ won Booker in 1981 and send the message loud and clear that Indians are here to stay. Arundhati Roy and Kiran Desai repeated the feat when they won Man Booker in the year 1997 and 2006 respectively. In the mean time, a new crop of authors such as Pankaj Misra, Chetan Bhagat, Jhumpa Lahiri, William Dalrymple, Hari Kunzuru have arrived on the international scene and their writings are being appreciated round the globe. India became independent from Britain in 1947, and the English language was supposed to be phased out by 1965. However, today English and Hindi are the official languages. Indian English is characterized by treating mass nouns as count nouns, frequent use of the â€Å"isn’t it?† tag, use of more compounds, and a different use of prepositions. With its distinct flavor, Indian English writings are there to stay. With he surge of English speaking population, the future looks anything but bleak.

Sidra Digital and Social Media Strategy

Sidra Digital and Social Media Strategy Additional comments These are additional comments whai are based on the digital and social media strategy presented to Sidra Company. Generally, this strategy is developed to assist Sidra in enhancing efficiency in its operations by increasing contact with customers and employees through social media interaction. This is an important strategy due to the increase in the Internet usage and subscription.Advertising We will write a custom proposal sample on Sidra Digital and Social Media Strategy specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Moreover, the strategy is important because customers and employees use the social media frequently, which makes digital and social media the best place to communicate with employees and customers freely and easily. Additionally, digital and social media strategy will enable the company to enhance public relations because it will provide the organization with the possibliity to respond quickly to inquiries from cl ients. It will also enable the company to conduct reliable and quality survey research based on customer feedback (Wasserman and Kibani 67). How to secure the social media accounts The use of technology is on the rise, this has led to negativity and an increase in hacking. Several companies and individuals have been victims of hacking, which affects the operation of business organizations in the social media networks. The organization should make it a priority to secure the social media accounts to verify that customers and clients trust their communication through online channels. There are several methods that the company may use to secure its social media accounts, for instance, assigning a specific employee the duty to manage the accounts. Social media accounts should be managed by one person in the organization to ensure the administrator of the page is the only person who knows the password. This will protect the password from easy access by unauthorized persons. Secondly, cre ating a sign in seal will also improve safety of the account. Additionally, sign ins from other devices whach are not authorized by the organization should be detected and alerts ahould be sent to the administrators account. These will certify the safety of the accounts (Erik, Muntinga and Moorman 73). How to integrate social media with website contents Integration of the social media and website should be a priority for the organization. Integrating social media with the website content increases traffic and communication in social media. We will design and integrate social media icons on the website that will lead to the official social media pages of the organization.Advertising Looking for proposal on communications media? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More This will enable clients and other interested parties to easily interact with the company from their official social media accounts and pages. We will also desi gn a page section displaying recent and important communication from the social media to enable customers who visit the website to view the trending topics about the organization on the social media (Erik, Muntinga and Moorman 81). Social media account set up Setting up a social media account is challenging because customers communicate with the company using Arabic and English. Social media accounts allow communication in any language because translation is available using Google. Therefore, the organization will have to register with Google to be on Google maps, and enable the administrator to use Google translator to translate any communication from other languages he or she does not understand well. Moreover, liaising with other social media sites such as Twitter and Facebook will be important because it will enable the organization to gain authority to use icons and logos of these social media sites on the organizational website. Generally, the organization has to subscribe wit h Google affiliate and other social media companies as a business, thus it will be required to incorporate their icons and logos on the companys website to enable easy access and communication between the company, employees and customers, as well as among other stakeholders (Wasserman and Kibani 28). Engagement with audience Monitoring engagement with the target audience on the social media is a challenge that most people face and companies is not an exaption. Companies use social media networks as a way of enhancing efficiency in operation. Similarly, Sidra intends to increase efficiency in operating by improving communication with customers, employees and other stakeholders. We require a program that monitors traffic on the site and social media sites, account and pages of the company to record engagement with clients.Advertising We will write a custom proposal sample on Sidra Digital and Social Media Strategy specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn M ore Determining the level of engagement with the target audience is important because it will enable the organization to evaluate the impact of the digital and social media strategy that is in use. Moreover, it will enable the organization to easily review the impact of the strategy and make relevant and necessary changes to maintain quality operations (Wasserman and Kibani 94). Response to feedbacks Using social media sites is challenging because clients may post positive as well as negative feedbacks. These are important to the development and growth of the company sinse complany will be able to adapt to clienss demands and thus improve its services. Furthermore, quality improvement is based on the feedback given by customers. It is easy for customers to provide feedback through social media communication. The administrator of the account should respond to both positive and negative feedback. It should be the priority of the organization responding to negative feedbacks. R esponse to negative feedbacks is a credit to an organization because it is an easy way to clarify on the issues. We will install a program that filters negative and positive feedback to ensure that the administrator of the account easily views the communication in categories. Negative feedback should be responded first to establish clarity and enhance public relations with the clients. It is a negative feedback that can affect the operation of the organization, therefore, they require prompt response to maintain good relations with the customers and the general public, while enhancing efficiency and increasing levels of returns. This plan will enable the administrator to respond to both positive and negative feedback appropriately. Moreover, we will develop specific responses to some feedback to assure timely response. Responses such as ‘thank you’, ‘you will receive a response from the administrator’, and ‘thank you for contacting us’ among ot hers (Wasserman and Kibani 103). How to address concentration on a specific social media account or site Traffic and use of social media sites depend on the preferences of the customers and the target group. However, the organization will have to subscribe to an account with the available social media companies. This will enable the company to address the needs and concern of all customers across the region. It is likely that the social media site that has the highest number of subscribers who are the customers of the organization will lead to active activities and communication between the customers and the organization. However, the most common social media sites used by organizations in communicating with clients and its employees are Twitter and Facebook (Erik, Muntinga and Moorman 38).Advertising Looking for proposal on communications media? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The organization may notice over concentration on a specific social media account, for example, Twitter. This can be a challenging situation for the organization. Basically, before implementing this strategy the employees must undergo training on how to integrate this new way of operation into the normal operating method and techniques. Receiving more response from the target group from Twitter than Facebook will be an evidence for the organization that a large number of the target group are actually subscribed to Twitter. This will enable the organization to increase its activity on Twitter account to cinch prompt response to inquiries that need quick reply from the organization. Furthermore, the organization will therefore have to encourage its employees to use Twitter to enhance communication with the customers (Wasserman and Kibani 75). Examples of social media contents The digital and social media strategy that the organization intends to initiate and implement targets differen t regions of the globe. Social media sites enable organizations to interact with customers across the globe. This will compel the company to make sure that the contents of the social media being used are relevant to the target group. The groups that we target are from the European region, Africa, Middle East and Asia among others. Regions such as Canada, Europe and America are not aware of Sidra. Therefore, the media content shared with these regions will focus on informing them more about the organization to enhance their understanding and knowledge. Although countries in the Middle East are aware of Sidra, they are ignorant of social media. Therefore the contents we share with the customers in this region will be educating them on the importance of using social media and encouraging them to increase subscription to social media (Erik, Muntinga and Moorman 118). Marketing plan Marketing is the process that organizations use to inform customers of their new, existing, and future pro ducts. Organizations require an effective marketing plan to guarantee addressing the needs of customers as soon as possible. As a company, we will recommend Sidra to establish an effective marketing plan to ascertain that this strategy is appropriately and effectively implemented. Establishment of an effective marketing plan will require Sidra to conduct extensive research, which will require the services of specialized marketers. As a company, we cannot offer a marketing plan for the organization, but provide a strategy and it is upon the organization to decide on the company to seek services based on their financial strength. Therefore, the cost of the marketing plan will depend on the provider that Sidra decides to seek services from (Erik, Muntinga and Moorman 110). Engagement with influencers Influencers will play an important role in ensuring that the strategy is successfully implemented in the organization. Sidra will engage with them directly to build a direct association. T he influencers that Sidra will engage with directly will be the social marketing agencies in Europe, Canada and America to increase awareness about the organization (Wasserman and Kibani 43). Ketchum Company input and contributions We, as the organization in charge of developing the strategy, assure Sidra quality services due to the nature of our business and experience in offering such services. We have a good monitoring system that enables the organization to successfully evaluate and supervise the strategy. Our system will enable the organization to communicate with customers in any language. Communication with any language via the support services will be possible through integration of the Google translator in the system. Moreover, the storage capacity we offer will enable the organization to store reports for the purposes of weekly, quarterly and annual status checking. Additionally, our program will assist the company in establishing a strategy to aid in client reviews, onlin e status reports and conference calls (Erik, Muntinga and Moorman 107). Erik, Cambria, Daniel Muntinga and Smit Moorman. Principles and Practice of Marketing. Oxford : Oxford University Press, 2009. Print. Wasserman, Todd and Shama Kibani. Contemporary Marketing Strategies: Digital and Social Media. London: Cengage Learning, 2010. Print.

Third Battle of Kharkov in World War II

Third Battle of Kharkov in World War II The Third Battle of Kharkov was fought between Feb. 19 and March 15, 1943, during World War II. As the  Battle of Stalingrad  was concluding in early February 1943, Soviet forces launched Operation Star. Conducted by Colonel General Filipp Golikovs Voronezh Front, the goals of the operation were the capture of Kursk and Kharkov. Spearheaded by four tank corps under Lieutenant-General Markian Popov, the Soviet offensive initially met with success and drove back German forces. On Feb. 16, Soviet troops liberated Kharkov. Angered by the loss of the city, Adolf Hitler flew to the front to assess the situation and meet with the commander of Army Group South, Field Marshal Erich von Manstein. Though he desired an immediate counterattack to re-take Kharkov, Hitler ceded control to von Manstein when Soviet troops neared Army Group Souths headquarters. Unwilling to launch a direct assault against the Soviets, the German commander planned a counterstroke against the Soviet flank once they became overextended. For the coming battle, he intended to isolate and destroy the Soviet spearheads before mounting a campaign to re-take Kharkov. This done, Army Group South would coordinate with Army Group Center to the north in re-taking Kursk. Commanders Soviet Union Colonel General Konstantin RokossovskyColonel General Nickolay VatutinColonel General Filipp Golikov Germany Field Marshal Erich von MansteinGeneral Paul HausserGeneral Eberhard von MackensenGeneral Hermann Hoth The Battle Begins Commencing operations on February 19, von Manstein directed General Paul Haussers SS Panzer Corps to strike south as a screening force for a larger assault by General Hermann Hoths Fourth Panzer Army. Hoths command and General Eberhard von Mackensens First Panzer Army were ordered to attack into the overextended flank of the Soviet 6th and 1st Guards Armies. Meeting with success, the early days of the offensive saw German troops breakthrough and sever Soviet supply lines. On February 24, von Mackensens men succeeded in surrounding a large part of Popovs Mobile Group. German troops also succeeded in surrounding a large portion of the Soviet 6th Army. Responding to the crisis, the Soviet high command (Stavka) began directing reinforcements to the area. Also, on February 25, Colonel General Konstantin Rokossovsky launched a major offensive with his Central Front against the junction of Army Groups South and Center. Though his men had some success on the flanks, going in the center of the advance was slow. As the fighting progressed, the southern flank was halted by the Germans while the northern flank began to overextend itself. With the Germans exerting heavy pressure on Colonel General Nikolai F. Vatutins Southwestern Front, Stavka transferred 3th Tank Army to his command. Attacking the Germans on March 3, this force took heavy losses from enemy air attacks. In the resulting fighting, its 15th Tank Corps was encircled while its 12th Tank Corps was compelled to retreat north. The German successes early in the battle opened a large gap in the Soviet lines through which von Manstein pushed his offensive against Kharkov. By March 5, elements of Fourth Panzer Army were within 10 miles of the city. Striking at Kharkov Though concerned about the approaching spring thaw, von Manstein pushed toward Kharkov. Rather than advance to the east of the city, he ordered his men to move to the west then north to encircle it. On March 8, SS Panzer Corps completed its drive north, splitting the Soviet 69th and 40th Armies before turning east the next day. In place on March 10, Hausser received orders from Hoth to take the city as soon as possible. Though von Manstein and Hoth wished him to continue the encirclement, Hausser directly attacked Kharkov from the north and west on March 11. Pressing into northern Kharkov, the Leibstandarte SS Panzer Division met heavy resistance and only gained a foothold in the city with the aid of air support. The Das Reich SS Panzer Division attacked into the western side of the city the same day. Stopped by a deep anti-tank ditch, they breached it that night and pushed on to the Kharkov train station. Late that night, Hoth finally succeeded in making Hausser comply with his orders and this division disengaged and moved to blocking positions east of the city. On March 12, Leibstandarte division renewed its attack south. Over the next two days, it endured brutal urban fighting as German troops cleared the city house-by-house. By the night of March 13/14, German troops controlled two-thirds of Kharkov. Attacking again the next, they secured the remainder of the city. Though the battle largely concluded on March 14, some fighting continued on the 15th and 16th as German forces expelled Soviet defenders from a factory complex in the south. The Aftermath of the Third Battle of Kharkov Dubbed the Donets Campaign by the Germans, the Third Battle of Kharkov saw them shatter fifty-two Soviet divisions while inflicting approximately 45,300 killed/missing and 41,200 wounded. Pushing out from the Kharkov, von Mansteins forces drove northeast and secured Belgorod on March 18. With his men exhausted and the weather turning against him, von Manstein was compelled to call a halt to offensive operations. As a result, he was unable to press on to Kursk as he had originally intended. The German victory at the Third Battle of Kharkov set the stage for the massive Battle of Kursk that summer. Sources World War II Database: Third Battle of KharkovTimelines: Third Battle of KharkovHistory of War: Third Battle of Kharkov

Describe at least 5 scenes of the movie Rossie the Riveter Review - 2

Describe at least 5 scenes of the Rossie the Riveter - Movie Review Example It was explained that Lewis worked with a strong white woman from Arkansas who would smooth down the other side of the rivet once it went through. Also, bucking required more strength and Riveting required more skill. What is interesting is that we have a black woman and a white woman working side by side, completing two different but equally important roles. This is interesting because much of the country still employed segregation policies and having blacks work alongside whites seems significant. The next important scene was the analysis of Rockwell’s painting of Rosie the Riveter. What is important to note is that the character has both strong masculine and feminine features. The feminine features are that she is wearing lipstick, nail poish, penny loafers, rouge, she keeps a compact and handkerchief in her pocket, her visor looks like a halo and she is depicted as eating which is considered a domestic practice. Rosie’s masculine features are that she has a leather arm band, she has big arms, dirty overalls (women didn’t typically wear pants), and Rosie is carrying a large and heavy riveting gun. This is significant because it really portrays that women can complete the tasks necessary to get the job done but also hold onto their feminine identity. The next scene is the discussion of the US Office of War Information publishing the magazine of war guide which was aimed at giving ideas to the publishers of magazine for how to attract female workers. This was described as a government lead effort to recruit women workers. Ultimately this is significant because it represents that the government officially recognized that women were important not only for domestic roles but also for industrial and other commercial roles. The next scene follows the same trend as the last scene in which the War guide in September 1943 recommended that all magazines write about women in the workplace with the goal of emphasizing that all jobs that women completed

Managment And Leadership Development Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4000 words

Managment And Leadership Development - Essay Example This report declares that managers are mainly responsible with the ways and means of getting a job done. Hence it can be concluded that management has the responsibility of planning and regulating the organization by designing and implementing proper procedures. Management is also responsible for ensuring the cooperation of employees and team work by guiding and supervising their activities and providing appropriate motivation. Some of the most significant changes in management in the last twenty years have been brought due to world recession. Global recession has increased competition and the importance of marketing. This increased competition has led to the adoption of new management techniques. Globalization and resultant increased competition has put pressure on the management to anticipate change and prepare organizational resources to meet those needs. This paper makes a conclusion that after studying the various aspects and views of management development and leadership it is concluded that both of them are necessary for sustainable long term growth of the organization. In this fast changing, highly competitive, globalized world, organizations need to adapt swiftly to the changing environment which can only be done by creating a learning environment in the organization. Learning culture encourages managers to develop their skills and knowledge through training and development and the development of managers should be matched with organizational needs for mutual benefit.

Personality Disorders Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Personality Disorders - Essay Example Most times these connections go beyond involvement with the service user alone and extend to his/her care givers and families. To establish and maintain the connections psychiatric mental health nurses need not just communication skills but also specialized skills in understanding and accepting mental health problems along with a strong sense of ethics and responsibility. This lesson is designed to help the students gain a comprehensive understanding of the various personality disorders that affect patients. It proposes to help them recognize these disorders within patients based on their outward features and to help plan patients’ care based on their evaluation. Long Term Content Goal : To understand the different kinds of personality disorders that afflicts patients and recognize the nursing care needed by each different group Learning Outcomes : The learning outcomes from this lesson are identified as follows – Examining of linkages between psychology and nursing pra ctice on the illness-health continuum. Knowledge and understanding of personality disorders and its various clinical features needed to meet the needs of patients. Demonstrating proficiency in professional judgment while identifying personality disorders among patients. ... Identify the key symptoms and characteristics of each disorder. Recognize the treatment plan available for treating the various disorders. Explain the ethical role psychiatric mental health nurses have to play while administering nursing care. Prerequisite Learner Skills : The learner should posses the following characteristics while attempting to follow the lesson plan – Analytical thinking Self-learning abilities Social cohesion while working in a team Striving for personal improvement Skills in creatively solving problems Knowledge of using technology tools Instructional Design Model : This lesson plan hopes to focus its energies on the learner and hence the instructional design model adapted for this lesson is the Morrison, Ross and Kemp model (Morrison, Ross, & Kemp, 2004). The model consists of nine elements arranged in an oval shape – 1. Instructional problem identification and goal specifications of an instructional course, 2. Examination of learner’s cha racteristics based on instructional decisions, 3. Subject content identification with task analysis related to goals and purposes, 4. Instructional objective specifications, 5. Instructional units arranged in logical and sequential order for learning, 6. Instructional strategies designed to meet the mastery of lesson objectives, 7. Plan and develop instruction, 8. Evaluation instruments for measuring course objectives and 9. Resource selection for instruction and learning activities. (Morrison, Ross, & Kemp, 2004) Figure 1: The Morrison, Ross & Kemp Model Content Outline : Learning Objectives Content Instructional Method Introduce the topic The DSM-IV characterizes personality traits as enduring patterns of perceiving, relating to, and thinking about the

President Nixon & Jumpology Essay Example for Free

President Nixon Jumpology Essay One of the other novel contributions was the series of jump pictures where his clients, including the likes of President Nixon, Marilyn Monroe, Duke and Duchess of Winsor jumped for him. Halsman always believed that the jumps revealed more realistically the latent idiosyncrasies of the personality of his clients. (Merryman, 2002) The ideation of this particular pictorial genre had, of course, its offshoot in Halsman’s photography of the animated antics of many of the noted comedians like Sid Caesar, Bob Hope, Groucho Marx who were captured in his film. Halsman could readily realize that, contrasted with their more traditional portraits, the characters came out in full life and vigor when they jumped. To quote Halsman When you ask a person to jump, his attention is mostly directed toward the act of jumping and the mask falls so that the real person appears. (Halsman, 1986) Incidentally his published book [1959] titled â€Å"Philippe Halsman Jump book† is replete with 178 photographs of numerous â€Å"celebrities jumpers†, interwoven with hilarious discussion on jumpology. (Halsman, 1986) [linnilabelled. wordpress. com/2007/10/06/philippe-halsman-the-father-of-jumpology/] [http://astadnik. file. wordpress. com/2008/04/bb2. jpg] Halsman’s jumpology created a genre in photography which moved and inspired a lot of people, professional and otherwise. Philippe Halsman Fritz Gruber (Writer) and the Crew Jumping on Set profile. myspace. com/index. cfm? fuseaction=user In 1958, to recognise his contribution Halsman was included in Popular Photographys Worlds Ten Greatest Photographers along with Irving Penn, Richard Avedon, Ansel Adams, Henri Cartier-Bresson, Alfred Eisenstaedt, Ernst Haas, Yousuf Karsh, Gjon Mili, and Eugene Smith. American Society of Magazine Photographers gave him the Life Achievement in Photography Award in 1975. Halsman believed that his career matured and his art came to fruition in his adopted country, America. He thus made America, the subject of his works in myriad ways. One review noted Halsman’s unsanctimonious and immensely intense portrayal of American bounce. When we look back in time at the works and contribution of Philippe Halsman, we see the discovery or even invention of a nation as seen by an artist through the lens of his camera which took into account not only imagination but also the psychology of the country and its people. His images form a vivid portrayal of prosperous American of the mid 20th century. In that respect his adopted country became his creation.

Xmas Gift :: essays research papers

Christmas Gift   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  It was the holiday season, and Christmas was fast approaching. With the twenty-fifth only a few days away there was no more time for procrastination. I decided to go to the mall in an attempt to complete all the Christmas shopping at once. While wandering around the uniquely decorated mall, I noticed a particular store that caught my attention. Pausing for a moment to stare into the window of the shop I came across the perfect gift for my father. Stepping inside I asked the shop keeper what the price would be if I purchased item on display in the window. The shop keeper, speaking with a thick Russian accent said â€Å"For you my boy the item is free.† Being Christmas, I did not want to press my good fortune, so I left the shop quickly as possible. As I got a farther away I could hear the shop clerk laughing manically. Hesitating for a moment I thought to myself â€Å"perhaps the old Russian shop keeper was insane, or rather that the holiday season was gett ing to himâ€Å". I did not give this matter of a â€Å" free present† another thought. Besides I had more shopping to do, so I braved the screaming kids, irritated parents and an assortment of mall rats to get the rest of the shopping done. I did the holiday gift buying in an hour or less. Deciding that my trip to the mall was over, I set off for home.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  When I arrived at home I ran straight to my room and found the wrapping paper and ribbons inside a huge bag. Realizing I needed tape to complete the task , I went looking for the remnants of the scotch tape I had thrown into the depths of the enormous bag the night before when I had helped wrap my mothers gifts to the family. As soon as I found it I went to work on the job of wrapping the gift. The gift wrapping took a while and several attempts to wrap the object since it was so oddly shaped. When I had finished, the present resembled a clump of wrapping paper more so than an actual Christmas gift. I was very proud of myself since my father would never be able to guess the contents of the box now. I stashed the gift away under our tree and left it there for what seemed like ages, although it was in reality only a couple of days.

Raymond’s Run Essay

Everyone has dreams, everyone had desires, but sometimes these can make it hard to think of someone besides one’s self. Sometimes these dreams and desires can fill the heart, making it nearly impossible to even consider the needs of others. For most people, it can be hard to put others first, but in the end, it is the right thing to do. At the beginning of â€Å"Raymond’s Run† by Toni Case Bambard, Squeaky’s main focus is running and winning, but by the end of the story, Squeaky comes to realize that life isn’t all about her self. At the beginning of the story, Squeaky is a confident girl and she knows that she has talent. She is a very fast runner; in fact, she is the neighborhood’s track star. She is confident that she is the fastest, this is seen when she states â€Å"there is no track meet that I don’t win† (Pg. 59 paragraph 3) and that she has been winning since she was a â€Å"little kid in kindergarten† (Pg. 59 par agraph 3) However, her main focus is running and winning, this makes her a bit confrontational and at times, absent minded to her special needs brother, Raymond. Squeaky knows she is a talented runner, but she is quick to confront other girls when they annoy her. She also makes it clear to other girls that she is the fastest runner in town and will easily beat them in the town race. Despite this Squeaky is loyal to her brother, and is always ready to protect him. When ever people talked trash to her brother, she stand up and say â€Å"You got anything to say to my brother, you say it to me.† (Pg. 62 paragraph 12) She’s a person, who doesn’t tolerate standing and listening to people talking trash, shed rather get things right and over quickly. Squeaky is scared of no one. Later when Squeaky decides to participate in the town race, she leaves Raymond in a swing. However, right as the race begins, Squeaky sees Raymond positioning him self by the fence for the race, Although he is not actually competing, Squeaky can see that Raymond knows what he is doing, despite the facet he has never ran a race before. As the race commences, it is oblivious to everyone but Squeaky, that Raymond is running an imaginary race and that he is indeed a fast runner. At the end of the race, Squeaky has won, but she no longer cares about the race. At the end of the story, Squeaky has had a change of heart. She sees that Raymond has talent, and her original values don’t matter anymore. She no longer cares if she won or lost, she is just happy she is just happy for her brother. She realizes that she doesn’t have to be a runner, but can anything she wants, a runner, a coach, a spelling bee champion, a pianist; she just had to work hard on it. She realizes that she can coach Raymond and give him something to accomplish, and perhaps, this is what she was meant to do in the first place. She doesn’t need to prove herself. She has learned that life’s not all about herself, but rather, about helping others. In â€Å"Raymond’s Run†, Bambard uses Squeaky to model the average human. All people are self-centered in nature, which is the inevitable. Like most people, Squeaky starts out and an overconfident young girl, focused only on her own wants and desires. She finds it hard to think of others. In truth it is much easier and simpler to think only of oneself. However, Squeaky comes to realize that her desirers have blinded her to her brother’s abilities. Her own talent clouded her from her brother, preventing her form seeing that she had the chance to give her brother something to be proud of. Bambard uses this realization to show her readers that even though putting others first is hard, it is the right thing to do. Squeaky may have started out as a confident and confrontational girl, with her main focus being racing, but after seeing her brother run, that changes. Squeaky comes to realize that racing isn’t everything and that her brother has untapped potential, potation that every one overlooks. She discovers that, even though it’s hard to put others’ desires first, it really is the right thing to do. She comes to dedicate herself coaching Raymond and by doing so, she can give her bother something to accomplish, and perhaps, this is what she was meant to do in the first place. Squeaky helps readers learn that life’s not all about oneself, but rather, about helping others.

Criminal Procedure Essay

â€Å"One may well ask: How can you advocate breaking some laws and obeying others? The answer lies in the fact that there are two types of laws: just and unjust. I would be the first to advocate obeying just laws. One has not only a legal but, a moral responsibility to obey just laws. Conversely, one has a moral responsibility to disobey unjust laws.† – Martin Luther King, Jr. Imagine a perfect society, where the population had a standard set of rules and followed them. In that perfect society, everyone knew the rules down to a specific science hence, they knew how to obey said rules. Unfortunately in our time, we do not have a perfect society. Our civilization has lost the knowledge of their rights unless either; a.) laws were broken by an individual or b.) the individual is studying or examining criminal law. Either way, our society unknowingly forfeits their rights in certain situations. On the other hand, there are law enforcement officers who have sworn to uphold these rights to obtain their position. Some do not know themselves, when they have crossed the line of duty or violated a right. It is up to us to break down and identify the validity and righteousness of the â€Å"Officer Smith & The Gold Pontiac† situation we are presented with. Reasonable suspicion is â€Å"a standard used in criminal procedure, more relaxed than probable cause, that can justify less-intrusive searches. A reasonable suspicion exists when a reasonable person under the circumstances, would, based upon specific and articulable facts, suspect that a crime has been committed (Reasonable Suspicion, Cornell Law School Library [2013]).† Officer Smith pulled over a gold, older model Pontiac because she noticed tape on what she suspected to be broken. One might wonder why Officer Smith pulled the Pontiac over. In most states, the driver is held accountable for faulty equipment of their vehicle. Unless the tape is red, reflective and transparent, an officer has every right to pull the driver over and issue a ticket. In my own experience, it is highly likely for a police officer to pull someone over if there was an obstruction of a head or taillight. I myself have been pulled over for something similar in which I received a warning or ticket. On her way to the driver’s window, Officer Smith remembers the description of a vehicle that was recently involved in a roadside killing of another police officer. That description fit with the Pontiac she had just pulled over. Officer Smith proceeds to ask the driver to get out of the vehicle so she may conduct a quick pat down for weapons. According to the Fourth Amendment, a justifiable search begins with reasonable suspicion. In this case, Officer Smith asks the driver to endure a â€Å"stop and frisk†. This means, the officer had the right to ask for a quick pat down of the driver’s outer clothing in search of a weapon(s). In my belief, the driver’s rights were not violated and valid based on the officer’s request for a stop and frisk. Nothing illegal has happened between the two. â€Å"If, during the pat down for weapons, the officer feels a weapon on the individual, the officer then has probable cause to conduct a complete search.† (Roberson, Wallace & Stuckey, 2007; p.83) In our example, a weapon was not felt or found on the driver. Furthermore, Officer Smith has now conducted what’s known as a â€Å"Terry Stop†. What is the difference between a Terry Stop and the Stop and Frisk you ask? There isn’t any significant difference. Prior to â€Å"Terry Vs. Ohio† (1968), a stop and frisk protected against illegitimate search and seizure. Where as after, it is come to be known as; constitutional according to circumstances where a reasonably suspicious officer has a valid concern for societies or his/her safety. After the Terry Stop, Officer Smith directed the driver to have a seat in the vehicle and asks for their driver license and registration. I would think that this procedure is pretty standard in identifying who the driver is and maybe writing out a ticket for the taillight tape. The driver had other plans and speeds away from Officer Smith without giving requested information. It is to my knowledge that Officer Smith has mor e than reasonable suspicion now. She has probable cause to believe that the driver was in fact, the killer from the incident she’d heard about. With probable cause, Officer Smith proceeds to chase the Pontiac. The chase ends when the driver of the Pontiac hits a telephone pole. You may stop to ask me; â€Å"What is the difference between probable cause and reasonable suspicion?† From my understanding of the two, probable cause is grounds for a warrant or for an arrest. Reasonable suspicion is not but, it may be grounds to further investigate or for a police officer to detain a person or vehicle for further investigation (Florida State University Law Review, Summer (2006), Vol. 33, Issue 4, 1239-1248). I’m compelled to agree with officer Smith in this instance. The driver demonstrated reckless behavior, presenting exigent circumstances for Officer Smith to give chase to this vehicle. According to The Cornell Law Library, an exigent circumstance is â€Å"a circumstance that requires an immediate response. It occurs when police officers believe they have probable cause and there is no time to obtain a warrant. (Exigent Circumstance), Cornell Law School Library [2013])† Being that the chase ended with a severe crash, Officer Smith did respond immediately to the situation. Furthermore, our scenario goes on to explain that Officer Smith feared that the car might catch on fire from the leaking gas tank. She pulls out the driver from the vehicle and goes back to get her purse for identification. It is then that Officer Smith sees that the glove box has popped open and in it was a firearm with documents on top of it. We are asked to think about if the firearm was in plain view and if it was legally obtained? Since I am just a Criminal Justice student, I would have to say affirmative to both. I say that in full confidence because it is legal for an officer to enter a vehicle at the scene of an accident to assist without an issued search warrant. Without rummaging through the vehicles co ntents, the officer sees a weapon or narcotics. Even with the use of a flashlight, it is still considered legal. Just because something is hidden behind darkness, doesn’t mean it wouldn’t be seen during daylight, right? The other permissible circumstance regarding the plain view doctrine is, if the officer moves him or herself around to take a look. The object in plain view (without a thorough search) can be seized and is admissible evidence in court. The fact that the gun was seen through the documentation clearly shows that it was in plain view and didn’t have to be searched for. Officer Smith goes on to find the driver’s purse. In an attempt to locate the driver’s identification, she finds a baggie of Marijuana in the driver’s purse. Although I do not believe that this will uphold as evidence in this case, it may present the driver with another set of charges against her. Perhaps the driver may get charged with possession of an illegal substance? However, I really feel that Officer Smith did not have the right to search for anything other than the drivers license, even though she did find the Marijuana in the purse. In my studies it would be considered â€Å"Fruit of the Poisonous Tree†. Although Officer Smith was legally allowed to enter the vehicle without a search warrant and assist in identifying the driver, I believe that the retrieval of the cannabis will not be permissible in court for the reasons I’ve stated above. Our scenario also goes on to state that it was later found that this vehicle was not the vehicle involved in the death of the officer. It also states that it was determined that the taillight was not in fact broken. One might question or argue at this point, whether the entire scenario is justifiable or necessary? From my point of view it was entirely correct. The officer had a valid reason to pull the car over. She had reasonable suspicion for a Terry Stop. Her reasonable suspicion then turned to probable cause when the driver fled the sight without presenting the officer with what she’d asked for. The officer then acted within a responsible manner to help the driver out of the crashed vehicle. After all, law enforcement is there to â€Å"protect and serve† our community. The firearm was in plain sight of the officer while she tried to locate the driver’s identification. Nothing except the search and seizure of the contents of the purse violated the rights of the driver; nor incriminated the police officer. It is in my belief that Officer Smith could’ve called for backup or help once she found the scene of the accident. She could’ve taken the purse out of the vehicle and even seized the gun. However, she had time to obtain a warrant to search the purse. In instances like we have just gone through, it is interesting to see just how knowledgeable each player is with their rights and responsibilities. We see these cases often in the news and some do not even make it to trial because either a right was violated or a piece of evidence was gathered with some mistake made in obtaining it. â€Å"Don’t interfere with anything in the Constitution. That must be maintained, for it is the only safeguard of our liberties.†- President Abraham Lincoln References Exigent Circumstance [Def.1], In Legal Information Institute, Cornell Univeristy Law School Libarary. Retrieved February 13, 2013, from http://www.law.cornell.edu/wex/exigent_circumstances Plain View Doctrine [Def.1], In Legal Information Institute, Cornell University Law School Library. Retrieved February 15, 2013, from http://www.law.cornell.edu/wex/plain_view_doctrine Reasonable Suspicion [Def.1]. In Legal Information Institute, Cornell University Law School Library. Retrieved February 13, 2013, from http://www.law.cornell.edu/wex/reasonable_suspicion Stuckey, G., Roberson, C., & Wallace, H., (2006). Procedures in the Justice System (8th Edition). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson/Prentice Hall. Florida State University Law Review, Summer (2006), Vol. 33, Issue 4, 1239-1248, Retrieved February 14, 2013, from http://www.heinonline.org.lib.kaplan.edu/HOL/Page?handle=hein.journals/flsulr33&div=61